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Environmental and Social Risk Management Policy for AFD-funded Operations
Environmental and Social Risk Management Policy for AFD-funded Operations
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Climate activity of the AFD Group in 2016
Over 3.5 billion euros dedicated to climate: commitments continuously rising
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Indonesia: Reforms to Meet Development Challenges
The Indonesian economy is experiencing structural changes and must deal with new challenges in an uncer¬tain international setting. In the past decade, its industry has undergone reprimarization (focu...
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Transitioning towards a low-carbon economy in Mexico: an application of the ThreeME model
This document offers an empirical application of the notion of energy transition to the Mexican economy and it takes the next step of simulating medium- and long-term impacts of proposed and future en...
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Networks of stranded assets: A case for a balance sheet approach
Moving to a low-carbon economic system will require several industrial sectors to undertake a deep technological transformation of their production processes, leading some of their physical capital as...
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Kochi Metro Experience
THE KOCHI METRO EXPERIENCE: A valuable contribution to the history of Indian metros
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Global Migration in the 20th and 21st Centuries: the Unstoppable Force of Demography
This paper sheds light on the global migration patterns of the past 40 years, and produces migration projections for the 21st century, for two skill groups, and for all relevant pairs of countries. To...
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Climate: the Financial Challenge
Climate change: a challenge for the financial sector Long seen by the financial sector as a marginal issue driven by a few pioneers, in recent years, climate change has become a central issue for the...
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AFD’s Presentation to Investors
AFD funds itself mainly on capital markets. As a frequent issuer, AFD issues several public transactions every year and answers to specific queries from investors. AFD commits to communicating detaile...
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Outlooks for flare reduction in Nigeria
In 2015, 350 trillions of cubic feet (tnscf) of gas were flared in Nigeria, amounting to 12% of the overall gas production for an estimated economic loss of more than US$1 bn of gas. Beyond the econom...
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Uganda
Uganda is a landlocked country in East Africa, it has experienced steady growth for the past 10 years and its poverty rate has significantly decreased. However, the country must create jobs and build...
Regions and countries

Improving European coordination in fragile states -Executive summary
This document is the executive summary of a study carried out by the Centre for EU Studies (CEUS), Ghent University, and commissioned by the Practitioners’ Network for European development cooperation...
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AFD corporate social responsibility 2016
AFD corporate social responsibility 2016
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Linkages between Education and Fertility in Sub-Saharan Africa
This paper explores linkages between women’s education and fertility in sub-Saharan Africa, using DHS data from about 30 countries. There are three substantive sets of analyses. First, we shed light o...
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AFD Group Ethics Charter
AFD Group has a Professional Ethics Charter which sets out the mission, values and commitments that guide its positions and modes of action. A public document, the Ethics Charter outlines the key r...
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Capitalization report - Supporting fact sheets for the 2050 Facility
To support thirty of the most carbon-emitting or vulnerable developing countries in their just-transition to a low-carbon and climate-resilient development model, AFD created a dedicated grant tool in...
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Congo
Hampered by poor social indicators, an undiversified economy and failing infrastructure, the Republic of Congo faces numerous challenges to its social and economic development. AFD has been one of the...
Regions and countries

Systemic exclusion from a South African social assistance transfer
Approximately half of the target population is excluded from a South African social assistance programme intended to provide income support to working-age adults—the Covid 19 Social Relief of Distress...
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Shaping the future of electricity between Kenya and Ethiopia
East African countries have joined forces to create an electricity backbone to trade energy and compensate for shortages in the region. Supported by a €90 million loan from AFD, the Kenya-Ethiopia int...
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Clean Cooking: Insights from two new AFD and FID Experiments
At the crossroads of environmental, health and social issues, universal access to clean and efficient cooking (CEC) is crucial. While international funding is being mobilized to support this transitio...
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