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Human rights and sustainable development
Following the first conference «Human rights and sustainable development» in 2021, AFD brought together a wide range of development stakeholders on the occasion of the 75th anniversary of the Universa...
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How to build a pro-nature economy?
What are the effects of the degradation of nature on the financial system and the economy? How can they be assessed? AFD researchers and their partners have developed a methodology to identify the eco...
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Vietnam in the face of extreme heat events
Some of the greatest impacts of climate change worldwide arise from increasing extreme weather events, including hot temperature extremes. As global warming is projected to further intensify in future...
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Digital technology: activity report 2021-2023
While the digital transition is now an essential pillar of global economic and social development, the growth and rapid emergence of new uses and technologies can also be a catalyst for inequalities a...
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How can high-quality data on research systems improve decision-making and coordination in international develo...
Science remains a common language and high priority across countries. As such, science, technology, and innovation (STI) capabilities can contribute to sup port, develop, and deliver an ambitious inte...
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Infographic - Digital Technology- AFD Group's activity 2021-2023
In 2023, AFD Group focused its digital technology actions on internet access and digital services, innovation, entrepreneurship and the development of digital skills, as well as on highlighting digita...
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Housing: A Key Sector for the SDGs
Housing is an essential human right. Yet 1.6 billion people don’t have access to decent housing. By 2030, this figure could reach 3 billion. Since 2010, AFD has invested more than €2 billion to suppo...
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Farmers’ Organizations
The transition of agricultural and food systems is a major challenge on the global sustainable development agenda. After notable improvements in the early 2000s, malnutrition has remained at a high le...
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An Analytical Framework to Assess Green Transition Jobs in South Africa
The threat of climate change and the resultant catastrophic weather events across the globe underpin the need for a shift away from carbon-intensive modes of production. In South Africa, where the gen...
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Where does AFD's money come from, and where does it go ?
For more than 80 years, the Agence Française de Développement has contributed to implementing France's policy on development, sustainable investment and international solidarity. Through its public se...
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How do global decarbonization trends create external risks for emerging and developing economies?
The low-carbon transition, despite its imperative nature, is likely to present both economic and social opportunities as well as downside risks, depending on the companies, sectors, or regions. The as...
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Namibia – Do the oil discoveries herald a more inclusive economy?
Namibia is on the brink of a major change which is set to radically transform its economy.Indeed, the recent discoveries of vast oil reserves could propel the country among the leading African produce...
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AFD Group offer for the digital sector
AFD Group, through its entities AFD, Proparco, and Expertise France, supports public authorities, businesses, civil society, and innovative ecosystems in their digital transformation. Between 2021 an...
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Ex-post evaluation of the Kisumu Urban Project (KUP), Kenya
The project (CKE1035) aimed at structurally improving both the management and the quality of life in the city, through soft (ex: capacity building, urban planning…) and hard investments (ex: infrastru...
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Public Employment Programmes in South Africa’s Changing Social Protection Landscape
The paper examines the role of Public Employment Programs (PEPs) within South Africa’s evolving social protection landscape, emphasizing their intersection with unemployment, inequality, and social po...
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Inequalities in Sub-Saharan Africa
The growing disparity between the rich and poor remains one of the critical challenges of recent decades, affecting countries across all continents, irrespective of their gross domestic product per ca...
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AFD and clean cooking
Every day, 2.3 billion people still cook using traditional methods, with biomass fuel such as wood or charcoal. These practices have major impacts: they contribute to climate change, accelerate forest...
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Assessing the distributional impacts of development interventions - the Inequality Marker
Persistent economic and social inequalities constrain the inclusive development of nations. The internationally agreed Sustainable Development Goal 10 (SDG10) and its targets, aim to address these con...
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MacroDev - Semestrial Panorama 2025 #1
As we move into 2025, the legitimacy of the world order inherited from the fall of the Iron Curtain is confronted more than ever with the “ambivalent superpower” of the United States, already describe...
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L'économie africaine 2025: English version of Introduction & 1st Chapter
Since 2020, La Découverte and the Agence Française de Développement (AFD) have published an annual edition of L’Économie africaine, aiming to provide an accessible macroeconomic analysis of the Africa...
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